LED helps China plant vegetables at Zhongshan Station in Antarctica as China's first case

The supply of fresh vegetables has always been a "difficult problem" that plagues China's Antarctic expeditions, especially at Zhongshan Station. The vegetables needed for one year are only costly from the domestic and Australian countries through the "Snow Dragon", which is not only costly, but also Limited storage time. When the Antarctic entered the long winter, the expedition team members could only rely on several limited vegetables such as Chinese cabbage to survive the winter.

Therefore, green lettuce, fresh cucumbers, and small tomatoes of Zhu Yurun have been one of the most "luxury" dreams of Antarctic expedition members. To this end, during the 31st Antarctic expedition in China, as one of the topics of the 2014 National Science and Technology Support Program, the “Key Technology Research and Demonstration of Extreme Greenhouse Vegetable Production in the Antarctic” project, the initial research experiment was carried out at Zhongshan Station and Changcheng Station. . Thanks to the advanced greenhouse cultivation technology including LED plant lighting, this dream has become a reality in the Chinese Antarctic scientific research station.

LED plant growth lamp automatically adjusts the lighting duration according to the growth of vegetables

According to Wang Zheng, the 31st national Antarctic expedition team member, the vegetable greenhouse laboratory is a 16 square meter room. The whole greenhouse adopts soilless cultivation technology. The vegetable planting automatic control system automatically controls the irrigation pump, temperature and humidity, cultivation lamp and nutrition. Liquid, etc. For example, under the control of a computer, LED plant growth lights can automatically adjust the length of illumination according to the growth of vegetables. Greenhouse built with rows led lights, during the Antarctic polar day, of greenhouse vegetables grown using natural light; polar night period, the led lighting implemented using plant photosynthesis, LED lights mimic sunlight, effectively solve the problem of insufficient sunlight.

In addition, the automatic irrigation system injects nutrient solution into the water tank every hour; when the room humidity is below 70%, the humidification system will spray water mist into the room. In order to promote the growth of vegetables, light music is played 24 hours a day in the vegetable greenhouse laboratory. "The treatment of vegetables is much higher than the inspection team members." Wang Zheng said with a smile.

“Because of the short growth cycle, easy cultivation, and high yield, the main cultivated vegetables in Zhongshan Station are lettuce, cabbage and cucumber.” Wang Zheng said. Taking cucumber as an example, a cucumber vine can harvest a cucumber on average for 2 days. If 20 plants are planted, 18 members can be guaranteed to eat fresh cucumber every day during the winter. In addition, peppers, okra, tomatoes and watermelons were also tested, but the yield was too low and not successful.

"Do four meals a day in Antarctica." Wang Zheng said that Antarctic food is all transported by outside, meat is mostly, vegetables are scarce, and Zhongshan Station has successfully cultivated vegetables, making many foreign expedition members envious. Therefore, they often come to Zhongshan Station to eat rice.

According to reports, last year, the Antarctic Great Wall Station built the world's first solar greenhouse, relying on plant growth lamps and other greenhouse cultivation techniques to successfully grow fresh vegetables.

It is reported that this is the first time in the history of China's Antarctic Zhongshan Station to eat fresh vegetables. “The Chinese Antarctic Research Station can provide fresh vegetables for international attention, because the Antarctic self-produced vegetables means that the country’s healthy living capacity in the Antarctic has reached the forefront of the world, which can greatly extend the healthy living time of human beings in the Antarctic.” Professor of Nanchang University, Yu Wanqi, a visiting professor at the National Polar Research Center, said.

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