An ordinary computer's manufacturing materials contain more than 700 chemical substances, 50% of which are harmful to humans, and most materials cannot be degraded. How to deal with harmless and resourceful treatment? The reporter learned from the Second China (Shanghai) International Technology Import and Export Fair that the research team of Professor Li Guangming of the School of Environmental Science and Engineering of Tongji University has developed a series of key technologies for the green transformation of e-waste.
Li Guangming said that waste electronic products are a "double-edged sword". If they are handled extensively, the toxic and harmful substances in them will seriously pollute natural resources such as water and soil, and directly endanger human health. If handled scientifically, many materials are very valuable resources, and the space for recycling is unlimited. It is understood that since 2002, the team of Li Guangming has started to develop various special technologies and processes for different types of electronic waste.
Is there any reuse value for the lithium-ion battery in old phones? Professor He Wenzhi, the head of the waste electrical appliance research group of the Li Guangming team, said that rechargeable waste lithium-ion batteries are all treasures: thermal decomposition of aluminum in the positive electrode material can separate silver-white metallic aluminum; for the failed cobalt acid Lithium is subjected to ultrasonic one-step method to remove impurities and repair, which can restore electrochemical performance and then be used in battery production. The first charge and discharge efficiency of the prepared battery can exceed 98%; the copper in the negative electrode material is thrashed and sieved. 98% of the copper can be recycled.
How to transform an old TV monitor into a green one? Li Guangming said that the display tube is mainly composed of cone glass and screen glass. Using hydrometallurgical technology, the lead in the cone glass can be extracted into a low-cost, simple technology, high value-added chemical product lead sulfate; and screen Glass can be used to prepare thermal insulation foam glass.
Can a new generation of LCD monitors be handled harmlessly? The team of Li Guangming invented the hydrothermal oxidation technology: the waste liquid crystal with potential environmental hazards was heated and reacted at 275 degrees Celsius for 5 minutes. Its degradation rate could reach 97.6%, and toxic and harmful substances could be basically digested. In addition, for the waste circuit boards, the research team also invented the solid fluidization separation process, which can efficiently separate and enrich metals and non-metals. The recovery rate of the main metal copper is as high as 96%, and zero pollution emissions are achieved throughout the process.
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