How to Manage the Supply Chain in E-commerce Environment

With the continuous development of computer network technology, e-commerce has had a profound impact on supply chain management. This article analyzes the relationship between e-commerce and supply chain management and the influence of e-commerce on supply chain management. According to the current problems of supply chain management in e-commerce environment, the corresponding strategies are proposed.

1. Analysis of e-commerce and supply chain management 1.1 Understanding e-commerce and supply chain management concepts E-commerce has broad and narrow sense. The narrow sense of e-commerce refers to business activities conducted through the Internet, such as: online banking, online securities, etc.; broadly defined e-commerce refers to business activities conducted through various computer networks, such as: networked banking systems, civil aviation ticketing systems, customs declarations System and so on.

Supply chain management (SCM) emphasizes that all companies focus on their core business that they are best at, and entrust other non-core businesses to partners with advantages. Through the organization and coordination of supply chains, they will become more competitive. The supply chain management model faces the fiercely competitive buyer market. It replaces mass production with multiple varieties and batch production, and adopts a flat organizational structure that can be rapidly reconstructed to produce fully autonomous and distributed production units. The collaborative work replaces the pyramid-type multi-level management structure, focusing on the creation of human creativity and enabling enterprises to achieve "win-win."

1.2 The relationship between e-commerce and supply chain management E-commerce and supply chain management are both value added processes from manufacturers to end users. E-commerce is built on an emerging, highly efficient computer network technology platform. Virtual supply chain, the value-added process of realizing e-commerce is a process of supply chain management. In the process, supply chain management is the process of maximizing the supply chain operation and minimizing costs, and the efficient operation from procurement to delivery. E-commerce links the independent business processes of supply chain management and becomes the glue of the entire supply chain.

2. Impact of e-commerce on supply chain management 2.1 Impact on the supply chain structure The traditional supply chain is a serial multi-level hierarchical system structure. This structure's multi-level decision-making mechanism will inevitably distort and amplify the market demand information transmitted to the upstream suppliers, increase the multi-level inventory cost of the supply chain, and the market response is slow, lacking the necessary agility. After the rise of e-commerce, it developed into a "supply chain network" (supply chain network structure) composed of a number of merchants, including product manufacturers, raw material suppliers, and commodity retailers.

2.2 Impact on Supply Chain Operational Modes With the development of network technologies and e-commerce technologies, the emergence of the line industry transaction market connecting buyers and sellers has also fundamentally changed the operating model of the traditional supply chain. Instead of relying on the traditional mode of operation of a few or even a single vendor, where key products or services in the past depended on the e-commerce market, a company can use competitive bidding to select the most appropriate product or service from hundreds of suppliers and rationally configure production capacity. , Extensive use of network virtual resources, rapid and dynamic supply chain reorganization and business process collaboration. In this way, a synchronous electronic supply chain operation model is further built on the basis of the overall supply chain collaborative operation model.

3. Problems in Supply Chain Management under E-Commerce Environment 3.1 E-Commerce Issues Development E-commerce is the only way for companies to efficiently manage their internal operations and increase their competitiveness externally. In China, the network construction is in the development stage, and the network application is not universal enough. The degree of financial electronicization is not ideal enough. With the constraints of concepts and systems, there are many problems encountered in the development of e-commerce in China. Mainly concentrated in: the concept of enterprises and consumers, infrastructure construction can not meet the needs of the rapid development of e-commerce, e-commerce technology is not mature enough, the lack of e-commerce required professionals and so on.

3.2 Existing Problems in Traditional Enterprises China's enterprises are undergoing restructuring. The modern enterprise system has not yet been established universally. Informatization of enterprises has not started in a short period of time and has not yet been fully implemented. Most enterprises have not yet realized the necessity of developing e-commerce, not only the buyer's market. Without this requirement, most seller markets do not want to provide services and products in this area. The media of the information industry has made e-commerce very hot, but companies and businesses have not really realized the role of e-commerce, and mistakes in understanding have led to delays in action.

3.3 Information Resource Sharing Issues In e-commerce supply chain management, information sharing is the key to achieving collaborative operations among enterprises. Information sharing is not only information sharing within the enterprise, but more importantly, information sharing between enterprises and enterprises and between enterprises and users. In our country, most enterprises are still fighting alone. Few companies can integrate their various functions and trading partners. The problem of information sharing is not optimistic, which seriously affects the efficiency of supply chain operations.

3.4 Inventory problem In the supply chain management in the e-commerce environment, information is used instead of inventory, that is, the company holds “virtual inventory” instead of physical inventory, and only the last link of the supply chain can deliver physical inventory. Reduce the risk of companies holding inventory. However, how "virtual stocks" respond to the immediate market demand, the "effectiveness" of stocks has been severely tested.

4. Strategies for supply chain management in the context of e-commerce 4.1 Strengthen the promotion of e-commerce and pay attention to the development of e-commerce talents E-commerce in China is still in the development stage, and the e-commerce framework is not yet perfect. For enterprises, engaging in e-commerce has certain risks, and enterprises will inevitably have various concerns. This requires the government to play a leading role in the development of e-commerce, support, and formulate various preferential policies in taxation, loans, financing, etc. Give support to reduce the risk of the company and promote the development of e-commerce.

Efforts to develop e-commerce are indispensable to the exclusive talents in this area. The government should make full use of various ways and means to cultivate, introduce and make rational use of a group of professionals with high quality, reasonable levels, and professional supporting networks and computer management to accelerate the pace of e-commerce construction in China. The state should encourage the education department to popularize network knowledge to students and educate the public in e-commerce. Colleges and universities should be far-sighted, to strengthen the theoretical study of e-commerce, and actively open e-commerce professional, for the country to train and transport qualified e-commerce professionals to ease the contradiction between supply of talent.

4.2 Establishing Information Sharing Constraints—Incentives—Coordination Mechanisms, Regulating Information Transfer Among Enterprises When sharing information among enterprises, such problems are often encountered, and a certain degree of information sharing between companies and partners is required. Businesses also have some information sharing with their competitors, which creates the risk of information leakage. When signing a contract with a partner at this time, it is necessary to clearly define the level and scope of information sharing, including penalties for leaking information, and other constraints. In order to attract supply chain cooperation companies to participate in information sharing and collaboration, it is necessary to establish a multi-stage, long-term sharing system and design reasonable incentive policies. When companies share information, they often have moral hazard, trust crisis, and interest distribution issues. Supply chain companies should solve the above-mentioned problems under the guidance of a certain negotiation mechanism. Therefore, information must be established. Shared constraints - incentives - coordination mechanisms.

4.3 Construct E-supply chain management system to improve the economic efficiency and market competitiveness of enterprises Based on the appearance of the e-commerce model, the company has changed the traditional mode of business transactions and changed the relationship between the company and customers, partners, and employees. More and more companies hope to maintain their advantages in the competition through e-commerce investment. The Internet provides an integrated approach for supply chain enterprises to synchronize and collaborate, and also provides a broader market space for supply chain companies.

With the continuous development of computer network technology, e-commerce has had a profound impact on supply chain management. This article analyzes the relationship between e-commerce and supply chain management and the influence of e-commerce on supply chain management. According to the current problems of supply chain management in e-commerce environment, the corresponding strategies are proposed. At this time, E-supply chain management came into being. E—Advantages of the supply chain management system: First, it will help maintain existing customer relationships, develop new customers and new businesses. Second, maintain existing business growth and expand new business growth. Third, it is conducive to information sharing and the improvement of information flow in the supply chain.

5. Conclusion E-commerce has a great advantage over traditional commerce. In the face of an increasingly fierce market environment, the company’s demand forecast and plans have become more complex and difficult. E-supply chain management systems built using e-commerce can connect manufacturers, suppliers, vendors, and customers together. Both supply and demand parties get the most practical market information at the most appropriate time, greatly reducing circulation, lowering costs, improving efficiency and efficiency, and thus improving the management level of the company.