How to understand the circuit diagram - rectifier circuit
The rectifier circuit is a circuit that converts alternating current into unidirectional pulsating direct current by utilizing the unidirectional conduction performance of the semiconductor diode.
(1) Half-wave rectification
The half-wave rectifier circuit requires only one diode, see Figure 2 (a). VD is turned on during the positive half cycle of the alternating current, VD is cut off in the negative half cycle, and the pulsating direct current is obtained on the load R.
(2) full wave rectification
Two-diode is used for full-wave rectification, and the transformer is required to have two secondary coils with the same number of turns with a center tap, see Figure 2 (b). What is obtained on the load RL is a pulsating full-wave rectified current, and the output voltage is higher than that of the half-wave rectifying circuit.
(3) full wave bridge rectifier
A bridge rectifier circuit consisting of 4 diodes can use a transformer with only a single secondary coil, see Figure 2 (c). The current waveform and output voltage value on the load are the same as the full-wave rectifier circuit.
(4) voltage doubler rectification
Higher DC voltages can be obtained with multiple diodes and capacitors. Figure 2 (d) is a double voltage rectifier circuit. When U2 is negative half cycle, VD1 is turned on, C1 is charged, and the highest voltage on C1 can be close to 1.4U2. When U2 is halfway, VD2 is turned on, and the voltage on C1 and U2 are superimposed to charge C2, so that the voltage on C2 is close. 2.8U2 is twice the voltage on C1, so it is called double voltage rectifier circuit.
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