On December 15, 2016, the 2016 Global Indoor Positioning Industry Summit hosted by Tuju Intelligent and Shanghai Industrial Technology Research Institute was held at the Shanghai National Convention Center. The summit brought together leading companies in the indoor positioning industry and more than 1,000 industry participants to discuss the application development of indoor positioning technology.
Professor Liu Erzhen from Tongji University has analyzed the development of indoor positioning technology at home and abroad through years of practice and research in the indoor positioning industry and the observation of the Microsoft competition in the past three years. What level of indoor positioning technology has it developed? After which aspects can be further developed?
Unlike the outdoor GPS and the Beidou unified world, there are various mainstream technologies in the room that present a scene of blooming. There are mainly magneto-optical sound, WIFI, iBeacon, geomagnetic, ultrasonic, as well as ultra-wideband, visible light, laser positioning technology and the currently emerging inertial navigation technology, such as PDR. From these technical points of view, WIFI, iBeacon, geomagnetic and ultrasonic are currently supported by mobile phones and Pads, while ultra-wideband, visible light and lasers require special equipment or hardware to support them.
At present, based on mobile phones, which do not require additional equipment, and which do not require a dedicated base station or additional hardware support?
First, the current mainstream is WIFI and iBeacon
WIFI and iBeacon are not too different in positioning technology, and both are based on the principle of signal strength. One of the two methods is the path loss model. These two technologies are improving, WIFI is the arrival time, or the time stamp method, the time-based method. Because of the speed at which electromagnetic waves travel in space, we know that accuracy will be more accurate. iBeacon is based on Bluetooth 5.0, which is mainly located in the way of arrival angle and exit angle (tone).
Second, geomagnetism
Different buildings have different structures using natural geomagnetic fields. With a high power position, it will cause some natural deformation of the earth's magnetic field. Just the characteristics of the earth's magnetic field can be as good as our room. After the earth's magnetic field is collected, it will do some processing to remove points with similar or similar features.
Third, visible light
For visible light technology, what we listen to is that Philips has made visible light in Europe. By placing some control modules inside the LED lights, the LEDs emit a very high frequency of flicker. This flicker meets the safety specifications that the human eye can't see, but the phone camera can capture it. By flashing the lights, the phone can capture the stripes, the stripes can be coded, and the cloud database can be found to find its location. First of all, you should see the LED lights, at least two, if the phone is in the pocket, or the LED is covered, it is not suitable.
Fourth, inertial navigation technology
Inertial navigation technology uses inertial sensors, which are basically collected, including acceleration and gyroscope to filter and correct these data, and obtain accurate sensing data for dead reckoning.
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